Stigmina carpophila screened, also known as birdshot, affects the genus prunus (cherry tree , almond tree, plum tree, peach tree…)
His scientific name has undergone variations now, becoming known as Stigmina carpophila (Lév.) M.B. Ellis, 1959, to Wilsonomyces carpophilus.
The fungus produces stubborn necrotic spots on the leaf, which as they continue to grow, they break off and the holes known by screening or shotgun appear.
Screening biological cycle
The wet conditions and high temperatures in the spring, favor the development of screening. The fungus mainly infects the leaves, although it can also be seen in fruits and has a lower presence in branches and flower buds.
The holes that form on the leaves and give the name to the disease (screening-shot) have a size between 3 and 10mm.
The damage produced has two aspects: One is the damage suffered by the vigor of the fruit and the other direct damage to the fruit, which is depreciated its value.
During the autumn a second phase of infection is usual, forming the fungus reservoir for spring.
Treatments cherry tree: Stigmina carpophila
The cultural measures against screening must focus on the reduction of Stigmina carpophila inoculum.
The fungicide treatments with winter copper help to reduce the burden of the fungus, but they are insufficient for its total control especially in trees like the almond tree that come out of the winter rest soon. In cherry, some treatments intended for the control of other fungi such as Monilia or anthracnose help in the management of screening.
Chemical treatments authorized by the ministry on 07/11/2017
Captan 47.5%: Trade names of the product Belpron C-50, Capteran 50, Clorocarb-L, Merpan 47.5 SC, Capteran Flow. These products are authorized in cherry plum, apricot… Security term of 21 days, controls dent, anthracnose, chancre, screening, healing wounds, hail, monilia and mottled.
Captan 80%: for sale under the trade names Merpan 80 WDG, Orthocide 80 WG, Captagrex 80, Merpan 80 WG, Malvin 80 WG, Orthocide, Captazel WG and Mytu 80. Like the Captan 47.5% can be applied against several fungi and has a term of 21 days.
The following treatments against screening are applied with the tree at rest and help control other diseases of the cherry tree as the dent, screening, Monilia, mottle and bacterial infections.
Mancozeb 75%: Manefor ZN 75 WG, Dithane DG-Neotec and KOR 75 DG, 30 days for security.
Mancozeb 80%: Vondozeb-D 80 PM, Micene WP, Ditiver M-80, Mancofit WP, Vondozeb-D 80 Pm, Micene-L and Micene WP. 30 days security term.
70% methyl thiophanate: Commercial product Enovit Methyl, 14 days of cherry safety term (Screening, Monilia and powdery mildew).
Tiram 50%: Tirex Flow, Tiram Flow, Thisan 50 SC, Tisar-50 Flow, Thifit 50, Tiuram Flow and Deepest products. With security term of 15 days.
Fungicide treatments with copper
35% cupric hydroxide: Kdos for stone fruit trees.
36% Cupric Hydroxide: Champ SC and Champion Flow applied in treatments for stone fruit trees.
11% copper oxychloride + 10% Cuprocalcium Sulfate: product on sale under the name Covinex PM
Copper oxychloride 38%: Inacop L, Cupraver 38, Nayades 380, Ossirame 38 SC. Cuproflow NC, Cuproflow, Faecu-38, Flowbrix, Flowbrix Blu, Curenox 38 Flow Blue, Herocuper 38 Blue and Dinalem Copper 380.
Cupric hydroxide 40%: Vitra 40 WG and Hydro 40 WG.
Cupric hydroxide 50%: Commercial products with authorization: Hidrocu 50 WG, Funguran-OH 50 PM, Danis, Droxicuper-50, Hydrocop 50 WP. Hidrocuper-50, Boxer, Kox, Hidroxigreen 50, Afrocobre HC, Hidrocobre 50 Alintra, Hidroblue-50 WP, Droxi.
And a large amount of commercial products with the following compositions: 50% copper oxychloride, 52% copper oxychloride. 70% copper oxychloride, Cuprous oxide 40%, Cuprous oxide 50%, Cuprous oxide 75%, Cuprocalcium Sulfate 12.4%. Cuprocalcium sulfate 20%, Tribasic copper sulfate 19% and Tribasic copper sulfate 40%.
Stigmina carpophila, also known as bird shot, affects the genus prunus (cherry tree , almond tree, plum tree, peach tree…)
His scientific name has undergone variations now, becoming known as Stigmina carpophila (Lév.) M.B. Ellis, 1959, to Wilsonomyces carpophilus.
The fungus produces stubborn necrotic spots on the leaf, which as they continue to grow, they break off and the holes known by screening or shotgun appear.
Screening biological cycle
The wet conditions and high temperatures in the spring, favor the development of screening. The fungus mainly infects the leaves, although it can also be seen in fruits and has a lower presence in branches and flower buds.
The holes that form on the leaves and give the name to the disease (screening-shot) have a size between 3 and 10mm.
The damage produced has two aspects: One is the damage suffered by the vigor of the fruit and the other direct damage to the fruit, which is depreciated its value.
During the autumn a second phase of infection is usual, forming the fungus reservoir for spring.
Treatments Screening of the cherry tree
The cultural measures against screening must focus on the reduction of inoculum.
The fungicide treatments with winter copper help to reduce the burden of the fungus, but they are insufficient for its total control especially in trees like the almond tree that come out of the winter rest soon. In cherry, some treatments intended for the control of other fungi such as Monilia or anthracnose help in the management of screening.
Chemical treatments authorized by the ministry on 07/11/2017
Captan 47.5%: Trade names of the product Belpron C-50, Capteran 50, Clorocarb-L, Merpan 47.5 SC, Capteran Flow. These products are authorized in cherry plum, apricot… Security term of 21 days, controls dent, anthracnose, chancre, screening, healing wounds, hail, monilia and mottled.
Captan 80%: for sale under the trade names Merpan 80 WDG, Orthocide 80 WG, Captagrex 80, Merpan 80 WG, Malvin 80 WG, Orthocide, Captazel WG and Mytu 80. Like the Captan 47.5% can be applied against several fungi and has a term of 21 days.
The following treatments against screening are applied with the tree at rest and help control other diseases of the cherry tree as the dent, screening, Monilia, mottle and bacterial infections.
Mancozeb 75%: Manefor ZN 75 WG, Dithane DG-Neotec and KOR 75 DG, 30 days for security.
Mancozeb 80%: Vondozeb-D 80 PM, Micene WP, Ditiver M-80, Mancofit WP, Vondozeb-D 80 Pm, Micene-L and Micene WP. 30 days security term.
70% methyl thiophanate: Commercial product Enovit Methyl, 14 days of cherry safety term (Screening, Monilia and powdery mildew).
Tiram 50%: Tirex Flow, Tiram Flow, Thisan 50 SC, Tisar-50 Flow, Thifit 50, Tiuram Flow and Deepest products. With security term of 15 days.
Fungicide treatments with copper
35% cupric hydroxide: Kdos for stone fruit trees.
36% Cupric Hydroxide: Champ SC and Champion Flow applied in treatments for stone fruit trees.
11% copper oxychloride + 10% Cuprocalcium Sulfate: product on sale under the name Covinex PM
Copper oxychloride 38%: Inacop L, Cupraver 38, Nayades 380, Ossirame 38 SC. Cuproflow NC, Cuproflow, Faecu-38, Flowbrix, Flowbrix Blu, Curenox 38 Flow Blue, Herocuper 38 Blue and Dinalem Copper 380.
Cupric hydroxide 40%: Vitra 40 WG and Hydro 40 WG.
Cupric hydroxide 50%: Commercial products with authorization: Hidrocu 50 WG, Funguran-OH 50 PM, Danis, Droxicuper-50, Hydrocop 50 WP. Hidrocuper-50, Boxer, Kox, Hidroxigreen 50, Afrocobre HC, Hidrocobre 50 Alintra, Hidroblue-50 WP, Droxi.
And a large amount of phytosanitary products with the following compositions: 50% copper oxychloride, 52% copper oxychloride. 70% copper oxychloride, Cuprous oxide 40%, Cuprous oxide 50%, Cuprous oxide 75%, Cuprocalcium Sulfate 12.4%. Cuprocalcium sulfate 20%, Tribasic copper sulfate 19% and Tribasic copper sulfate 40%.
Warning
A significant part of the information, comes from Spanish research organizations. When phytosanitary products are used, it is important to verify that their use is currently authorized in the country of application.